解放軍文職招聘考試教育類-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-06-29 11:37:06（1）2003年真題。Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should:1) describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and2) point out its implications in our life.You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.真題分析：思路拓展：獨生子女成長的問題在很大程度上牽涉到了中國的教育制度和教育方法等全方位的問題。我們可以聯(lián)想到現(xiàn)階段在教育界存在的其他熱點問題，如傳統(tǒng)灌輸教育和素質(zhì)教育之間的關系、孩子的學習和娛樂之間的關系、學生們的全面發(fā)展問題、教育費用和教育負擔的問題、教育質(zhì)量的問題、城鄉(xiāng)教育制度差別的問題、教育公平性問題等等。這些問題都是平時政府、民眾和媒體非常關注的問題，考生借助自己的大學生活背景也能夠了解許多相關的情況。應該說，教育類的話題對于考生說是一個比較熟悉、也相對比較簡單容易的話題。As the title indicates, greenhouse flowers cannot survive unpleasant weather , the set of pictures apparently reminds us that excessive protection only leads to negative results. When a flower blossoms in the greenhouse despite of the external rain and thunder, it withers immediately once being moved out of its cozy haven.Children in China are always compared to the flowers of our motherland . It is alarming that a large portion of them are in danger of experiencing a similar misfortune to the flower in the picture. This is partly attributed to the birth of a generation of only children , who are quite pampered and spoiled by their parents. Leading a life full of success, love and sweetness, these children are quite ignorant of failure, hardship, and the taste of tears that abound in real life. Therefore, when they leave home, they might be overly sensitive to frustration and easily suffer depression that prevents them from a happy and promising future.This type of child is not what we hope for the future of our country. On the contrary, we need to nurture a generation that is fully prepared for independent life, so that it is ready to confront any challenge, adapt to changes of environment, and survive the heated competition in today s world.正如該圖的題目所顯示的那樣， 溫室里的花朵經(jīng)不起風雨 ，這組圖畫清楚地告訴我們過度的保護只會導致負面的結果。當外面打雷下雨的時候，一朵花卻能在溫室中生機勃勃地開放?？墒且坏╇x開了這個舒適的避難所來到外面的時候，這朵花立刻就凋謝了。在中國，孩子經(jīng)常被比作 祖國的花朵 。但是，令人擔憂的是很多孩子有可能經(jīng)歷圖中花朵的不幸。部分原因可以歸結為 獨生子女 一代的出生，這些孩子都被他們的父母慣壞了。他們的生活中只充滿了成功、愛和甜蜜，而他們都不懂什么是失敗、艱難，也很少嘗過眼淚的滋味，但是實際生活中卻是充滿了失敗、艱難和眼淚的。因此，他們可能會對挫折過于敏感、也很容易及沉湎于憂郁，使他們在踏入社會以后沒有一個幸福和充滿前景的未來。這一類孩子決不是我們國家未來需要的人才。相反，我們需要培育一代能夠獨立生活的孩子，他們隨時準備面對任何挑戰(zhàn)、隨時適應環(huán)境的變化、并能夠在現(xiàn)代社會的激烈競爭中生存下來。閃光詞匯及詞組：excessive: adj. 過度的，過分的blossom: v. 開花external: adj. 外部的wither: v. 枯萎cozy: adj. 舒適的，安逸的haven: n. 避難所a large portion of: 很大一部分misfortune: n. 不幸，災禍abound in: 富于nurture: v. 教育，養(yǎng)育萬能句型：The set of pictures apparently reminds us thatThis partly attributes to(2) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your points of view.You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.不對，我的標準答案是2+1=3，扣十分As is described in the drawing, a student fails in a knowledge competition simply because his answer to one question, though being 100% correct, is not exactly the same as the so-called standard answer. It is discernable that other students are quite puzzled by why 1+2=3 is wrong while 2+1=3 is right.The drawing reminds its audience of a widespread phenomenon in the area of basic education in China, that is, educators stick blindly to fixed standards without allowing any room of flexibility or variation. Students are required to mechanically remember what is written in the books, but receive no encouragement to question, challenge, and disagree. Consequently, children s creativity is largely limited or killed, which exerts a detrimental impact on their future development, especially in the current society which puts so much emphasis on creativity, innovation, and inventiveness.As far as I am concerned, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system, where new educational concepts, such as to inspire creation, are installed. Only by new teaching methods other than stiff memorization can we cultivate children into talents who will meet the requirements that society demands. Likewise, this new tendency would also benefit educators themselves to realize their own potential.正如圖中描繪的那樣，一個學生在一次智力競賽中的失敗僅僅是因為他的答案和所謂的標準答案不是完全一致，盡管他的答案也是完全正確的。我們可以看到其他學生對于為什么1+2=3是錯誤的而2+1=3是正確的感到十分疑惑。這幅圖實際上是在提醒讀者在中國基礎教育界存在的一個普遍的負面現(xiàn)象，那就是教育者盲目地堅持標準，而不提供靈活和變化的空間。老師要求學生們機械地背誦書上的知識，但是從來不鼓勵學生質(zhì)疑、提出挑戰(zhàn)或者不同見解。因此，孩子們的創(chuàng)造力受到了限制和扼殺，這對于他們的未來發(fā)展是有害的，特別是現(xiàn)代社會十分強調(diào)創(chuàng)新性和獨創(chuàng)性。我認為需要對教育系統(tǒng)進行一次全面的革新，加入一些新的教育理念，如鼓勵創(chuàng)新等。我們只有通過新的教育方法、而不是死記硬背， 才能把孩子們培養(yǎng)成為適合社會要求的人才。同樣，這種新的趨勢對于教育者自身也是有好處的，能夠使他們開發(fā)自己的潛能。閃光詞匯及詞組：puzzled: adj. 困惑的flexibility: n. 靈活性variation: n. 變化mechanically: adv. 機械地stiff: adj. 呆板的cultivate: v. 教育，培養(yǎng)likewise: adv. 同樣地萬能句型：It is discernable thatThe drawing reminds its audience of a widespread phenomenon in the area ofAs far as I am concerned, there needs toOnly by can we(3) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.What is delineated in front of us is a pair of parents who are eager to cultivate their little child into a well-rounded person. The poor girl seems to have a quite tight schedule, as her father is teaching her how to paint while her mother is preparing for her violin class. The dullness of the kid s eyes portrays her unwillingness and dislike to learn so many things after school.The drawing reflects a common phenomenon in China that parents are obsessed with the wish of their child s future success, which is, though, very understandable. Particularly due to the one-child policy, the only child is the greatest hope of parents and is provided with all the available resources. Meanwhile, we sadly discover that this generation of only children is deprived of what used to be the fun of childhood, like running around, playing various games with friends, and climbing trees, all of which are replaced by numerous tutoring courses and art lessons.Admittedly, an early and diversified education benefits children in exploring their potentials. Nevertheless, I strongly contend that children are entitled to enjoy a happy childhood filled with games and fun, instead of tedious classes. An appropriate extent of freedom can only do kids good, by promoting their comprehensive development both mentally and physically.呈現(xiàn)在我們面前的是一對急于把他們的小女兒培養(yǎng)成為一個通才的夫妻。這個可憐的小女孩看起來時間表排得滿滿的，她的父親正在教她畫畫，而母親正在為她準備小提琴課。但是，這個孩子呆滯的雙眼卻泄漏了她不愿意在放學之后還學這么多東西的心情。這幅圖反映了一個在中國很普遍的現(xiàn)象，即父母們都望子成龍，盡管這是一個我們都能夠理解的現(xiàn)象。由于獨生子女政策，這些孩子們都是父母最大的希望，父母給了他們一切可以得到的資源。同時，我們卻悲哀地發(fā)現(xiàn)這一代孩子被剝奪了屬于兒童的快樂，如四處亂跑、和小朋友們玩各種游戲、爬樹等，這些都被無數(shù)的輔導和訓練代替了。我們承認較早的多樣化教育有利于開發(fā)孩子們的潛能。但是，我強烈地認為孩子們應該擁有一個充滿游戲和快樂的童年，而不只是乏味的課程。適度的自由對孩子們是有好處的，可以促進他們身體和智力上的全面發(fā)展。閃光詞匯及詞組：well-rounded: adj. 多才多藝的tight: adj. 緊密的be obsessed with: 專注于，專心于understandable: adj. 可理解的available: adj. 可利用的be deprived of: 被剝奪tutoring: n. 輔導be entitled to: 有 的資格tedious: adj. 單調(diào)乏味的萬能句型：What is delineated in front of us isThe drawing reflects a common phenomenon(4) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.The picture shows a boy who is crossing a river by stepping on his peasant parents heads like stones. The river symbolizes the heavy financial load on rural parents to support their children s advanced education. As is quoted in the picture, a family in countryside can barely afford a high school student, not to mention a college student.The picture apparently mirrors an increasingly common social phenomenon in China the hiking cost of education in contrast with the tiny income of the rural population. For one thing, the problem is partially attributed to the present disparity of wealth distribution. Sometimes the college tuition per student equals the annual income of a rural family. For another, colleges and other educational institutions fail to provide financial tools to assist students from poor areas. For example, the application for scholarship and student loan is usually so complicated that the procedure seems to take forever, while students see no trace of money.In my opinion, the government needs to reform the educational system with measures that can show immediate effect. Cutting tuition and other expenses proves to be most beneficial to students. Further, a large-scale reform at the macroeconomic level to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor is a basic solution to this issue.這幅圖一個男孩子正在把他的農(nóng)民父母的頭作為墊腳石來跨過一條河。這條河象征了農(nóng)村的父母們?yōu)榱斯┖⒆觽兘邮芨叩冉逃惺艿木薮筘斦摀?。正如圖中所說的那樣，在農(nóng)村養(yǎng)一個高中生都很困難，更不用說是大學生了。這很顯然反映了在當今中國一個越來越普遍的社會現(xiàn)象 快速增長的教育費用和農(nóng)村人口的微薄收入之家的差別。一方面，這個問題部分歸咎于現(xiàn)有的財富分布不均。有時候一個大學生一年的學費就相當于一個農(nóng)村家庭一年的收入。另一方面，大學和其他的教育機構沒有通過各種各樣的融資工具來幫助來自貧困地區(qū)的學生。比如說，申請獎學金和貸款的程序都非常復雜、需要花很長時間，而學生們卻很難真正拿到錢。我認為，政府應該改革教育系統(tǒng)，采取一些立竿見影的措施。降低學費和雜費被證明是對學生最有利的。此外，解決這個問題的根本措施在于在宏觀經(jīng)濟的層面上進行一個大規(guī)模的改革，從而縮小貧富差距。閃光詞匯及詞組：symbolize: v. 象征advanced education: 高等教育not to mention: 更不用說hiking: n./ v. 提高, 增加partially: adj. 部分地disparity: n. 不一致，不等wealth distribution: 財富分配tuition: 學費equal: 等于institution: n. 公共機構procedure: n. 程序，手續(xù)macroeconomic: adj. 宏觀經(jīng)濟的bridge the gap: 縮小差距萬能句型：As is quoted in the pictureThe picture apparently mirrors an increasingly common social phenomenon in ChinaIn my opinion, the government needs to reform the educational system with measures that can show immediate effect.（5）Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.As we can see in the picture, a school built for migrant workers children is much shabbier and poorly furnished compared with a key public school. The two schools are geographically close to each other, which makes for a sharp contrast.There are several reasons for this phenomenon of the picture. Firstly, urban public schools always ask for sponsor fee amounting to thousands of RMB for the enrollment of a migrant student, which is quite beyond the latter s financial capacity. Secondly, migrants find difficulty in integrating with city life culturally and emotionally. They fear that local students would look down upon and bully their children. So they prefer poor schools exclusively for the migrants children. However, the teaching conditions in migrant schools are really dissatisfactory, as there is usually no classroom for music, painting and computer, not to mention library or laboratory.Since migrant workers are contributing vastly to the social and economic development of cities, they should be rewarded with deserved rights including impartial education opportunities for their children. Therefore, it is an urgent task to build up an integrated educational system for migrant children. As children are the future of our nation, creating a good environment for their upbringing means creating a bright and promising future for our nation.正如圖中所示，一所專門為外來子弟所建的學校相比某重點中學顯得十分破舊矮小。這兩所學校在地理上非常相近，正好形成了鮮明的反差。圖中現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生有以下幾點原因。第一，城里的公立學校每招收一個民工子弟就要收取幾千塊錢的贊助費，這遠遠超出了后者的財力。第二，民工發(fā)現(xiàn)在文化上和情感上很難融入城市社會。他們害怕自己的孩子會被城里的孩子看不起、受欺負。所以他們寧可把孩子送到只招收民工子弟的窮學校。但是，這些民工學校的教學條件十分差，沒有音樂教室、圖畫教室和計算機教室，更不用說圖書館和實驗室了。民工們?yōu)槌鞘械纳鐣徒?jīng)濟發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻，因此他們應該得到應得的權利，包括他們的孩子接受平等教育的機會。因此，為民工子弟建立一個統(tǒng)一的教育制度是一項非常緊急的任務。孩子是一個國家的未來，為他們的成長創(chuàng)造一個良好的環(huán)境意味著我們國家將有一個美好和充滿希望的未來。閃光詞匯及詞組：shabby: adj. 破舊的，襤褸的geographical: adj. 地理的sponsor: v. 贊助enrollment: n. 入學capacity: n. 能力integrate: v. 使成整體，融入bully: v. 欺負not to mention: 更不用說impartial: adj. 公平的upbringing: n. 撫養(yǎng)，教育萬能句型：There are several reasons for this phenomenon.Therefore, it is an urgent task to(6) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.Almost everybody who lives in the urban areas of China is familiar with the phenomenon shown in this picture. The gate of a school is blocked by dozens of cars that belong to the loving parents who send children there. However, a teacher, who rides bicycle to school, finds difficulty in entering the gate because the cars leave no space for him.This picture sharply points out two serious problems existing in today s educational circle. The first one is parents blind pampering of children. Though it is a universal truth that parents always desire to grant kids with the best stuff available, we should bear in mind that convenient facilities bring temporary comfort but perhaps life-long laziness. The second issue addressed is the depressing social status that teachers enjoy. Despite the fact that teachers take charge of such an honored mission of enlightening humans, they are usually looked down upon and receive small salaries. It is a big contrast compared with their wealthy students.These attitudes of indulging children and disrespect towards teachers should arouse more opposing voices. On the one hand, the society demands a generation that fully comprehends how to lead a self-sustaining life. On the other hand, for teachers priceless contribution, they should be rewarded by due attention and more benefits.每一個住在中國城市地區(qū)的人對于這幅圖描繪的景象都十分熟悉。學校的大門前擠滿了轎車，都是慈愛的父母們來送自己的孩子上學。可是，一個騎車來學校的教師卻無法進入校門，因為根本沒有空間可以讓他進去。這幅圖尖銳地指出了存在于教育界的兩個問題。第一個是父母對于孩子的盲目溺愛。盡管父母希望把能夠得到最好的最好東西都給孩子，我們也應該牢記便利的設施可能帶來暫時的舒適、卻會造成孩子們的懶惰并導致他們持續(xù)一生的壞習慣。另一個問題就是教師的社會地位非常低。盡管教師承擔了啟蒙人類的光榮使命，但是他們卻經(jīng)常被人看低，而且工資也非常少。這與他們那些富裕的學生們形成了鮮明的對比。這種寵愛孩子和不尊重教師的態(tài)度應該引起更多反對的呼聲。一方面，社會需要的是一代能夠充分理解如何自立生活的孩子。另一方面，教師們?yōu)槲覀冏龀隽藷o價的貢獻，我們應該給予他們更多的關注和利益。閃光詞匯及詞組：block: v. 妨礙，阻礙educational circle: 教育界temporary: adj. 暫時的depressing: adj. 令人沮喪的take charge of: 負責enlighten: v. 啟蒙，教導mission: n. 使命，任務look down upon: 看不起comprehend: v. 理解，領會self-sustaining: adj. 自立的，自謀生活的priceless: adj. 無價的，極其貴重的reward: v. 酬勞，獎賞萬能句型：Almost everybody who lives in the urban areas of China is familiar with the phenomenon shown in this picture.This picture sharply points out two serious problems existing inIt is a big contrast compared with(7) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.The drawing depicts a little girl who wears a pair of thick glass. She is forced to stay in this ivory tower which can be explained by the lots of homework in front of her on the desk. Instead of concentrating on study, the poor kid is dreaming of the outdoor sunshine and fields, craving the fun of running wildly outside.Apparently, the artist aims at a serious problem occurring in the educational circle. That is to say, students bear on their shoulders overwhelming homework despite the country s campaign for quality education. Such a practice is very harmful. Firstly, too many assignments can only stimulate hatred towards study among students. Secondly, brain labor takes place of physical exercise, which is detrimental to children s health, particularly their eyesight. Last but not least, students creativity tends to be repressed due to the humdrum and dull homework.In my point of view, homework is an indispensable method to help children study, but it is only part of the whole picture. Children deserve outdoor activities, from which they can benefit enormously. Not only do their bodies get adequate movement, their minds can also be greatly improved by an intimate contact with nature.這幅圖刻畫了一個戴著厚眼鏡的女孩子。她被迫呆在 象牙塔 中，擺在她面前的是一桌的作業(yè)?？墒撬]有在集中精力學習，而是想著外面的陽光和田野，渴望在野外瘋狂地亂跑。很清楚作畫者意在指責當今教育界中的一個嚴重問題。雖然我們國家一直倡導素質(zhì)教育，但是孩子們肩上的作業(yè)負擔還是非常沉重。這對于孩子們有很多不利影響，主要是以下幾個方面。首先，太多的作業(yè)會在學生當中引發(fā)一種厭學的情緒。其次，腦力勞動取代了身體上的鍛煉，對孩子們的健康非常有害，尤其是他們的視力受到很大損害。最后，學生們的創(chuàng)造力在單調(diào)乏味的作業(yè)壓力下受到極大的壓抑。我認為，作業(yè)是一種促進孩子們學習的必要方法，但并不是全部的方法。另一方面，孩子們需要進行戶外活動，這對他們非常有好處。他們的身體因此得到了充分的運動，同時在與自然的親密接觸中他們的智力也將得到巨大的發(fā)展。閃光詞匯及詞組：ivory tower: 象牙塔outdoor: adj. 戶外的，室外的，野外的wild: adj. 野性的，瘋狂的overwhelming: adj. 壓倒性的，許多的quality education: 素質(zhì)教育assignment: n. 課外作業(yè)eyesight: n. 視力，目力repress: v. 壓制humdrum: adj. 單調(diào)的intimate: adj. 親密的萬能句型：Apparently, the artist aims at criticizing a serious problem occurring in That is to saybut it is only part of the picture.(8) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) state your point of view.You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.From the picture, we can see that a school sets two different levels of classes and their tuition fee varies greatly between them. The fee for an ordinary class is only 500 yuan while that for a special class amounts to 5000 yuan, which scares students from poor families. We can also perceive that the conditions for the two classes are of discrepancy.Such a phenomenon has begun to emerge in the recent years, that is, schools push forward different teaching programs, leveraging different prices, and the better classes bring considerable profit to schools. Yet, the core value of education is equality, and every student has the right to receive the same quality of education. In reality, the number of key schools in China is limited, while all parents want their children to enroll in programs with better teachers and facilities. Thus, it is convenient for schools to categorize students according to tuition fees.Just as the famous educator Confucius said, there is no class discrimination in education. This mentioned classification rather ruins a normal educational system and hinders its development. Therefore, I think it is high time for the related institutions to take measures and create fair educational opportunities for all children.從這幅圖中我們可以看到一所學校設立了不同水平的班級，其學費也相差甚遠。一個普通班的學費僅為500元，而一個精品班的學費竟達到了5000元，嚇走了來自貧窮家庭的學生們。我們還可以看到兩種班級的教學條件也存在巨大的差異。這種現(xiàn)象主要出現(xiàn)在近幾年，即學校紛紛推出不同價格的教學計劃，那些所謂的精品班給學校帶來了豐厚的利潤。但是，眾所周知，教育的核心價值在于平等，每一個學生都有接受相同質(zhì)量教育的平等權利?？墒窃趯嶋H生活中，中國的重點學校數(shù)量有限，而家長們卻都希望自己的孩子能夠進入那些有著更好的老師和設施的班級中。因此，學校自然而然地就通過不同的學費來給學生分類。正如著名的教育家孔子所說的，教育是不分階層的。上述的這種分類有損于一個正常的教育系統(tǒng)并影響其發(fā)展。因此，我認為現(xiàn)在是時候通過有關部門采取措施、為所有的孩子們創(chuàng)造平等的接受教育的機會。閃光詞匯及詞組：vary: v. 改變，變化，變更amount to: 達到scare: v. 驚嚇，受驚perceive: v. 感知，感到，認識到push forwards: 推出as is know to all: 眾所周知core: n. 核心key school: 重點學校enroll: v. 登記，招收，加入categorize: v. 分類，加以類別Confucius: n. 孔子classification: n. 分類，分級institution: n. 機構萬能句型：From the picture, we can see thatWe can also perceive thatSuch a phenomenon has begun to emerge in the recent years, that isTherefore, I think it is high time for the related institutes to take measures
解放軍文職招聘考試科學教育類影視片的鑒賞-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-12-31 18:19:33一、內(nèi)涵BBC科學電視節(jié)目的制片人和導演約翰 林齊：科學和技術聽起來是一個很硬的詞，但事實上我們在做節(jié)目的時候，腦子所想的不是科學是怎樣的嚴肅，而是我們要給觀眾講的是個故事，讓觀眾進入故事中，再順便告訴觀眾，這個故事恰好與某個科學領域有關。1、含義科學教育類影視片簡稱科教片，是指運用影視藝術傳播科學文化知識，宣傳科學思想、贊揚科學業(yè)績、啟發(fā)科學精神的影視作品。2、題材廣泛，上至天文氣象，下至地理地貌，大至宇宙太空，小至細胞細菌，幾乎無所不有。二、特點1、嚴謹?shù)目茖W性：科學片中含有豐富的科學內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容嚴謹，準確，客觀，真實，任何虛構的成分都會影響科教片的質(zhì)量。例如：農(nóng)業(yè)技術題材的科教片2、鮮明的教育性新西蘭著名科教片導演朱笛斯 庫倫：科教片的目的應該是讓觀眾沉浸在故事中學習新知。例如：《走近科學》欄目3、豐富的藝術性首先值得認可的是科教片是科學性，教育性，藝術性的完美結合。例如：《圓明園》、《復活的軍團》、《藍色星球》等三、歷史與現(xiàn)狀1、世界歷史1928年法國科教片導演讓 班勒維的《章魚》 英國BBC2、中國（科教欄目發(fā)展興盛）例如：《百家講壇》、《走近科學》、《見證 發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅》、《人與自然》、《探索 發(fā)現(xiàn)》、《科技之光》四、類型1、科學普及片例如：《保養(yǎng)耕?！?、《萬里長城》、《中國武術》等2、技術傳授片例如：《淡水養(yǎng)殖》等3、教學片例如：《計算機自動繪圖》等4、科學研究片5、科技雜志片
2018軍隊文職教育學科目：輕松擊破教育原則-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-15 20:58:52一、科學性與教育性相結合原則 規(guī)律：傳授知識與思想品德教育相統(tǒng)一1.赫爾巴特： 我想不到有任何無教學的教育，正如在相反方面，我不承認有任何無教育的教學。2.文以載道二、理論聯(lián)系實際原則 規(guī)律：間接經(jīng)驗與直接經(jīng)驗相結合1.學以致用2.讀萬卷書，行萬里路3.荀子：見之不若知之，知之不若行之。三、直觀性原則1.夸美紐斯： 凡是需要知道的事情，都要通過事物本身來學習，應該盡可能把事物本身或替代他的圖像呈現(xiàn)給學生。2.烏申斯基： 兒童是靠形式、顏色、聲音和感覺來思維的。3.不聞不若聞之，聞之不若見之。聞之不見，雖博必謬。四、量力性原則(可接受性原則)1.語之而不知，雖舍之可也。2.墨子：夫智者必量其力所能至而如從事焉。
2019解放軍文職招聘考試面試熱點：“起跑線文化”-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
不久前，印度政府發(fā)布書包重量指南，根據(jù)學生年齡設定書包重量的上限，同時禁止小學一年級和二年級的教師布置任何家庭作業(yè)，以確保低齡學生不必把書本帶回家。2017年，一部印度電影《起跑線》觸動印度乃至亞洲多國的父母， 起跑線文化 再次引發(fā)熱議。影片中，為了不讓孩子 輸在起跑線 上，父母費盡心力爭取優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源，以求通過進入私立學校而獲取進入另一個階層敲門磚的故事，讓很多家長看到了自己的影子。起跑線文化 的背后，是對孩子快速成長、成才的苛求。社會競爭日益加劇，越來越多的社會壓力最終轉(zhuǎn)移到了孩子身上，讓孩子們的負擔越來越重。然而每個孩子都是有血有肉的人，教育的目的在于培養(yǎng)人，在于激發(fā)和引導孩子的自我發(fā)展之路。每個孩子都是獨一無二的，自我發(fā)展之路有千萬條，不可能千篇一律。為孩子成長營造好的社會環(huán)境，拓寬孩子成長、成才的道路，才能更好地為他們減負。教育機會和教育質(zhì)量的均等化，有助于減少競爭焦慮，讓孩子們的成長環(huán)境更加寬松。不少國家認識到其中的重要性。芬蘭議會早在1968年就通過了 不讓一個孩子掉隊 法案，努力實現(xiàn) 無論你在哪里，都可以接受到相同質(zhì)量的教育 的目標。信息時代，教育資源有條件被賦予更多的可獲得度。覆蓋拉美地區(qū)農(nóng)村和邊遠地區(qū)的 學習之光 項目，將教育、能源、信息和通信技術結合，通過太陽能光電池為學校提供綠色清潔的電力資源，讓學生能夠使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和數(shù)字教學設備。印度班加羅爾的遠程教育項目，通過融合衛(wèi)星通信技術與地面通信技術，讓互動式虛擬課堂進入農(nóng)村地區(qū)。給孩子們一個寬松的成長環(huán)境，還需要樹立多層次的成才觀。德國確立人才需求多層次的觀念，使人才需求分流，讓人們在不同的崗位上努力成才。德國每年大概有2/3的青少年進入職業(yè)教育體系，涉及350個不同領域。 學徒制 培養(yǎng)出一代代技術過硬、工作嚴謹?shù)募夹g人員和工程師，這樣的人才不會因為沒有從事白領工作而感到遺憾。法國啟蒙思想家、教育家盧梭曾說： 大自然希望兒童在成人以前，就要像兒童的樣子。如果我們打亂這個次序，我們就會造成一些早熟的果實，它們長得既不豐滿也不甜美，而且很快就會腐爛：我們將造成一些年紀輕輕的博士和老態(tài)龍鐘的兒童。 讓兒童更像兒童，需要全社會作出努力，讓 起跑線文化 重新起跑。
