解放軍文職招聘考試抽煙問(wèn)題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-29 11:21:40最新大綱樣題：Directions: Widespread tobacco consumption has led to grave consequences, yet the tobacco companies still claim that they make a valbuable contribution to the world economy.There is a discussion in a newspaper on the above two viewpoints.Write an essay to the newspaper1) criticizing their view and2) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the pidctures printed below.You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers accountfor about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicatd in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban
2020年軍隊(duì)文職招聘考試體育學(xué)：體育與健康課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)介1-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-29 18:16:211、體育與健康課程與體育教學(xué)大綱的區(qū)別（1）確立了 健康第一 的指導(dǎo)思想體育與健康課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù) 健康第一 的指導(dǎo)思想，規(guī)定了體育與健康課程的性質(zhì)、目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)價(jià)等。課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將體育與健康課程的性質(zhì)定義為以身體鍛煉為主要手段，以增進(jìn)中小學(xué)學(xué)生的健康為主要目的的必修課程。它是對(duì)原有的體育課程進(jìn)行深化改革、融入健康教育的有關(guān)內(nèi)容，并突出健康為目標(biāo)的一門(mén)課程。有關(guān)課程的目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)價(jià)等也都是緊緊圍繞著增進(jìn)健康這一主題進(jìn)行陳述的。現(xiàn)行的體育教學(xué)大綱則主要是以 增強(qiáng)學(xué)生體質(zhì) 為指導(dǎo)思想，比較忽視心理健康和社會(huì)適應(yīng)這兩個(gè)健康維度。（2）構(gòu)建了三個(gè)層次的目標(biāo)體系課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù) 健康第一 的指導(dǎo)思想，結(jié)合課程特點(diǎn)構(gòu)建了五個(gè)領(lǐng)域、三個(gè)層次的課程目標(biāo)體系，三個(gè)層次的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系為：課程目標(biāo) 領(lǐng)域目標(biāo) 水平目標(biāo)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并不規(guī)定具體的教學(xué)內(nèi)容和要求，這給各地區(qū)、學(xué)校、教師和學(xué)生留有相當(dāng)大的選擇余地和發(fā)展空間。只要采用行之有效的教學(xué)手段，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的目標(biāo)。體育教學(xué)大綱則只有比較籠統(tǒng)的、操作性不強(qiáng)的課程目標(biāo)，且教學(xué)內(nèi)容、評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容與目標(biāo)要求不太一致。（3）拓展了課程的學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)健康三維觀、體育本身特點(diǎn)以及國(guó)外課程的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，將不同性質(zhì)的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容劃分為運(yùn)動(dòng)參與、運(yùn)動(dòng)技能、身體健康、心理健康和社會(huì)適應(yīng)五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域，五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域?qū)嶋H上由兩條主線組成，一條是身體運(yùn)動(dòng)主線，另一條是健康主線。雖然課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將不同性質(zhì)的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容劃分成五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域，但五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域是一個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的整體，每個(gè)領(lǐng)域都不能脫離其它領(lǐng)域獨(dú)立實(shí)現(xiàn)課程目標(biāo)。體育教學(xué)大綱則是根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目劃分學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域，如球類(lèi)、田徑、體操、武術(shù)等，這實(shí)際上是一種競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)的教學(xué)體系，每個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域可以脫離其它領(lǐng)域而獨(dú)立存在。（4）劃分了學(xué)習(xí)水平課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)學(xué)生的身心發(fā)展特征和學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容的特點(diǎn)，在各學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域設(shè)立了六個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)水平，即水平一至水平五分別相當(dāng)于小學(xué)1 2年級(jí)、3 4年級(jí)、5 6年級(jí)、初中階段和高中階段學(xué)生預(yù)期應(yīng)達(dá)到的學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果。考慮到學(xué)校和學(xué)生各方面的差異性，課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在各個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域設(shè)立了水平六，作為高中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)體育與健康課程的發(fā)展性要求。其他學(xué)段學(xué)生也可以將高一級(jí)水平作為本階段學(xué)習(xí)的發(fā)展性要求。按水平劃分學(xué)段主要是考慮到學(xué)生發(fā)展和各地、各校情況的差異性。體育教學(xué)大綱則是將一個(gè)年級(jí)劃分為一個(gè)學(xué)段。
